TOEIC Nghe Phần 3 — Câu hỏi
Đoạn văn
Woman A: Hi Mark, do you have a moment? I wanted to discuss the holiday party.
Man B: Sure, Sarah. What’s on your mind?
Woman A: Well, we need to get the invitations sent out soon. Have you finalized the guest list?
Man B: Almost. I’m just waiting on confirmation from the marketing department. But we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up.
Woman A: Okay, let's aim to have that sorted by tomorrow. Also, have you heard back from the caterer about the menu options? We need to confirm numbers.
Man B: Yes, they sent over a few proposals. I think their vegetarian selection looks promising. I just need to check if our budget allows for the premium package, especially considering potential increases similar to what we saw in that recent apartment lease agreement renewal.
Woman A: Right, the budget is tight this year. Let’s review the costs together this afternoon. I'll forward you the latest projections.
Câu hỏi
Why is the guest list not yet finalized?
Lựa chọn
- A. The marketing department has not responded.
- B. They are waiting to confirm new hires. ✓
- C. The caterer's proposals are not ready.
- D. The venue has not been booked.
Đáp án
B. They are waiting to confirm new hires.
Giải thích
[KO]
📖 지문해석 — 여성 A가 휴일 파티에 대해 논의하고 싶어 마크에게 말을 건다. A는 초대장을 곧 보내야 하므로 게스트 리스트가 확정되었는지 묻는다. 마크는 거의 완료되었지만, 신규 채용자 중 누구를 초대할지 결정해야 해서 지연되고 있다고 답한다.
📝 정답이유 — 마크는 "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up."라고 명확히 말하며, 신규 채용자 초청 대상자 확정이 게스트 리스트 최종 확정을 보류시키는 이유임을 밝힌다. 따라서 옵션 1이 정답이다.
💡 실전팁 — Part 3에서는 'holding things up'과 같이 어떤 상황을 지연시키는 원인을 묻는 질문이 자주 나온다. 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is'와 같은 지연의 원인을 나타내는 표현에 주의를 기울여라.
📊 오답분석 — X) The marketing department has not responded. — 마크는 마케팅 부서로부터 "confirmation"을 기다리고 있지만, 이것이 게스트 리스트가 아직 최종 확정되지 않은 "주된" 이유는 아니다. 신규 채용자 결정이 더 큰 지연 요인이다. X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — 마크는 이미 케이터러로부터 제안서를 받았다고 언급한다 ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals."). X) The venue has not been booked. — 대화에서 장소 예약에 대한 언급은 전혀 없다.
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[JA]
📖 本文の和訳 — 女性Aは、ホリデーパーティーについて相談したいことがあるとマークに話しかけます。Aは招待状をすぐに送る必要があるので、ゲストリストは確定したか尋ねます。マークは、ほぼ確定だが、新入社員の中から誰を招待するか決める必要があり、それが遅延の原因だと答えます。
📝 正解理由 — マークは「we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up.」と明確に述べており、新入社員の招待対象者の決定がゲストリストの最終確定を保留している理由であることを示しています。したがって、選択肢1が正解です。
💡 試験対策のヒント — Part 3では、「holding things up」のように、状況を遅らせている原因を問う質問がよく出題されます。「because」、「since」、「as」、「what's holding things up」、「the reason is」のような、遅延の原因を示す表現に細心の注意を払ってください。
📊 不正解の選択肢の分析 — X) The marketing department has not responded. — マークはマーケティング部門からの「confirmation」を待っていますが、これがゲストリストがまだ最終確定していない「主な」理由ではありません。新入社員の決定がより大きな遅延要因です。 X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — マークはすでにケータリング業者から提案書を受け取ったと述べています（「Yes, they sent over a few proposals.」）。 X) The venue has not been booked. — 会話の中で会場の予約については一切触れられていません。
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[TH]
📖 การแปลบทอ่าน — หญิง A ทักทายมาร์คเพื่อพูดคุยเกี่ยวกับงานเลี้ยงวันหยุด A ต้องการส่งคำเชิญเร็วๆ นี้จึงถามว่าได้สรุปรายชื่อแขกแล้วหรือยัง มาร์คตอบว่าเกือบเสร็จแล้ว แต่กำลังรอการยืนยันจากแผนกการตลาด และการตัดสินใจว่าจะเชิญใครจากพนักงานใหม่นั้นเป็นสิ่งที่ทำให้ล่าช้า
📝 เหตุผลเลือกคำตอบ — มาร์คกล่าวอย่างชัดเจนว่า "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." ซึ่งแสดงให้เห็นว่าการตัดสินใจว่าจะเชิญใครจากพนักงานใหม่เป็นสาเหตุที่ทำให้รายชื่อแขกยังไม่ได้รับการสรุป ดังนั้น คำตอบที่ 1 จึงถูกต้อง
💡 เคล็ดลับสำหรับวันสอบ — ใน Part 3 คำถามที่ถามถึงสาเหตุที่ทำให้เกิดความล่าช้า เช่น "holding things up" มักจะออกบ่อย ให้สังเกตคำหรือวลีที่บ่งชี้ถึงสาเหตุของความล่าช้า เช่น 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is'
📊 การวิเคราะห์ตัวเลือกที่ผิด — X) The marketing department has not responded. — มาร์คกำลังรอ "confirmation" จากฝ่ายการตลาด แต่ไม่ใช่เหตุผล "หลัก" ที่ทำให้รายชื่อแขกยังไม่สรุป การตัดสินใจเรื่องพนักงานใหม่เป็นปัจจัยล่าช้าที่ใหญ่กว่า X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — มาร์คกล่าวว่าได้รับข้อเสนอจากผู้จัดเลี้ยงแล้ว ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals.") X) The venue has not been booked. — ไม่มีการกล่าวถึงการจองสถานที่ในบทสนทนาเลย
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[VI]
📖 Dịch đoạn văn — Người phụ nữ A bắt chuyện với Mark để thảo luận về bữa tiệc cuối năm. A muốn gửi thiệp mời sớm nên hỏi xem danh sách khách mời đã chốt chưa. Mark trả lời rằng gần xong, nhưng anh ấy đang chờ xác nhận từ bộ phận marketing và việc quyết định ai trong số những nhân viên mới sẽ mời mới là điều đang làm chậm tiến độ.
📝 Lý do chọn đáp án — Mark nói rõ ràng: "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." điều này cho thấy việc quyết định xem nên mời ai trong số những nhân viên mới chính là lý do khiến danh sách khách mời chưa được chốt. Do đó, lựa chọn 1 là đáp án đúng.
💡 Mẹo làm bài thi — Trong Phần 3, các câu hỏi về nguyên nhân gây ra sự chậm trễ, ví dụ như cụm từ "holding things up", thường xuất hiện. Hãy chú ý đến các từ hoặc cụm từ chỉ nguyên nhân chậm trễ như 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is'.
📊 Phân tích lựa chọn sai — X) The marketing department has not responded. — Mark đang chờ "confirmation" từ bộ phận marketing, nhưng đây không phải là lý do "chính" khiến danh sách khách mời chưa chốt. Quyết định về nhân viên mới là yếu tố gây chậm trễ lớn hơn. X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — Mark đã đề cập rằng họ đã nhận được một vài đề xuất từ nhà cung cấp dịch vụ ăn uống ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals."). X) The venue has not been booked. — Không có thông tin nào về việc đặt địa điểm được đề cập trong cuộc trò chuyện.
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[ID]
📖 Terjemahan Teks — Wanita A menyapa Mark untuk membahas pesta liburan. A perlu segera mengirim undangan jadi dia bertanya apakah daftar tamu sudah final. Mark menjawab bahwa hampir selesai, tetapi dia masih menunggu konfirmasi dari departemen pemasaran, dan keputusan siapa yang akan diundang dari karyawan baru itulah yang menyebabkan penundaan.
📝 Alasan memilih jawaban — Mark dengan jelas menyatakan, "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." yang menunjukkan bahwa keputusan siapa yang akan diundang dari karyawan baru adalah alasan penundaan finalisasi daftar tamu. Oleh karena itu, pilihan 1 adalah jawaban yang benar.
💡 Tips saat ujian — Dalam Bagian 3, pertanyaan yang menanyakan penyebab penundaan, seperti frasa "holding things up", sering muncul. Perhatikan kata-kata atau frasa yang menunjukkan penyebab penundaan seperti 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is'.
📊 Analisis Pilihan Salah — X) The marketing department has not responded. — Mark menunggu "konfirmasi" dari departemen pemasaran, tetapi ini bukan alasan "utama" mengapa daftar tamu belum final. Keputusan tentang karyawan baru adalah faktor penundaan yang lebih besar. X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — Mark menyebutkan bahwa mereka telah menerima beberapa proposal dari katering ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals."). X) The venue has not been booked. — Tidak ada penyebutan tentang pemesanan tempat dalam percakapan tersebut.
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[MS]
📖 Terjemahan Petikan — Wanita A memberitahu Mark dia ingin berbincang mengenai parti cuti. A perlu menghantar jemputan tidak lama lagi, jadi dia bertanya sama ada senarai tetamu telah diputuskan. Mark menjawab hampir selesai, tetapi dia masih menunggu pengesahan daripada jabatan pemasaran, dan keputusan siapa yang perlu dijemput daripada pekerja baharu itulah yang menyebabkan kelewatan.
📝 Sebab jawapan ini betul — Mark dengan jelas menyatakan, "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." yang menunjukkan bahawa keputusan siapa yang akan dijemput dalam kalangan pekerja baharu adalah sebab utama senarai tetamu belum dimuktamadkan. Oleh itu, pilihan 1 adalah jawapan yang betul.
💡 Petua semasa ujian — Dalam Bahagian 3, soalan yang menanyakan punca kelewatan, seperti frasa "holding things up", sering muncul. Beri perhatian kepada perkataan atau frasa yang menunjukkan punca kelewatan seperti 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is'.
📊 Analisis pilihan salah — X) The marketing department has not responded. — Mark sedang menunggu "pengesahan" daripada jabatan pemasaran, tetapi ini bukan sebab "utama" senarai tetamu belum dimuktamadkan. Keputusan mengenai pekerja baharu adalah faktor kelewatan yang lebih besar. X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — Mark menyebutkan bahawa mereka telah menerima beberapa cadangan daripada katering ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals."). X) The venue has not been booked. — Tiada penyebutan tentang tempahan tempat dalam perbualan tersebut.
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[PT-BR]
📖 Tradução da Passagem — A mulher A procura Mark para discutir a festa de fim de ano. A precisa enviar os convites em breve, então pergunta se a lista de convidados foi finalizada. Mark responde que está quase, mas ele ainda está aguardando confirmação do departamento de marketing, e que a decisão de quem convidar dos novos contratados é o que está causando o atraso.
📝 Razão desta resposta — Mark afirma claramente: "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." (precisamos decidir quem convidar dos novos contratados; é isso que está atrasando as coisas), indicando que a decisão sobre quem convidar dos novos contratados é o motivo pelo qual a lista de convidados ainda não foi finalizada. Portanto, a opção 1 está correta.
💡 Dica para o dia da prova — Na Parte 3, perguntas que questionam a causa de um atraso, como a expressão "holding things up", são frequentes. Preste atenção a palavras ou frases que indicam a razão de um atraso, como 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is'.
📊 Análise de opções incorretas — X) The marketing department has not responded. — Mark está aguardando "confirmação" do departamento de marketing, mas este não é o motivo "principal" para a lista de convidados ainda não estar finalizada. A decisão sobre os novos contratados é um fator de atraso maior. X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — Mark mencionou que eles já receberam algumas propostas da empresa de catering ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals."). X) The venue has not been booked. — Não há menção sobre a reserva do local na conversa.
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[MY]
📖 စာတန်းဘာသာပြန် — အမျိုးသမီး A က ရုံးပိတ်ရက်ပါတီအကြောင်း ဆွေးနွေးရန် Mark ကို ဆက်သွယ်သည်။ A သည် မကြာမီ ဖိတ်စာများ ပေးပို့ရမည်ဖြစ်သောကြောင့် ဧည့်သည်စာရင်းကို အပြီးသတ်ပြီးပြီလားဟု မေးသည်။ Mark ကနီးပါးပြီးပြီဖြစ်သော်လည်း သူသည် ကြော်ငြာဌာနမှ အတည်ပြုချက်ကို စောင့်ဆိုင်းနေဆဲဖြစ်ပြီး မည်သူ့ကို ဝန်ထမ်းအသစ်များထဲမှ ဖိတ်ကြားရမည်ကို ဆုံးဖြတ်ရခြင်းက နှောင့်နှေးရခြင်းဖြစ်ကြောင်း ပြန်ကြားသည်။
📝 အကြောင်းရင်း — Mark က "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." ဟု ရှင်းလင်းစွာ ပြောကြားခဲ့ပြီး ဝန်ထမ်းအသစ်များထဲမှ မည်သူ့ကို ဖိတ်ကြားရမည်ကို ဆုံးဖြတ်ရခြင်းသည် ဧည့်သည်စာရင်းကို အပြီးသတ်ရန် နှောင့်နှေးရခြင်း၏ အကြောင်းရင်းဖြစ်ကြောင်း ဖော်ပြသည်။ ထို့ကြောင့် အဆိုပြုချက် ၁ သည် မှန်ကန်သော အဖြေဖြစ်သည်။
💡 စာမေးပွဲအတွက် အကြံပြုချက် — အပိုင်း ၃ တွင် "holding things up" ကဲ့သို့ နှောင့်နှေးရခြင်း၏ အကြောင်းရင်းကို မေးသော မေးခွန်းများ မကြာခဏ ပေါ်လာတတ်သည်။ 'because', 'since', 'as', 'what's holding things up', 'the reason is' ကဲ့သို့ နှောင့်နှေးရခြင်း၏ အကြောင်းရင်းကို ညွှန်ပြသော စကားလုံး သို့မဟုတ် စကားစုများကို အာရုံစိုက်ပါ။
📊 မှားသော အဆိုပြုချက်များကို ခွဲခြမ်းစိတ်ဖြာခြင်း — X) The marketing department has not responded. — Mark သည် ကြော်ငြာဌာနမှ "အတည်ပြုချက်" ကို စောင့်ဆိုင်းနေသော်လည်း ဧည့်သည်စာရင်း အပြီးသတ်ရန် နှောင့်နှေးရခြင်း၏ "အဓိက" အကြောင်းရင်းမဟုတ်။ ဝန်ထမ်းအသစ်များဆိုင်ရာ ဆုံးဖြတ်ချက်သည် ပိုမိုကြီးမားသော နှောင့်နှေးမှု ဖြစ်သည်။ X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — Mark က သူတို့သည် အစားအသောက် ဝန်ဆောင်မှု ပေးသူထံမှ အဆိုပြုချက် အချို့ကို ရရှိထားကြောင်း ဖော်ပြခဲ့သည် ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals.") X) The venue has not been booked. — ပြောဆိုမှုတွင် နေရာချထားမှု ချိန်းဆိုခြင်းနှင့် ပတ်သက်၍ မည်သည့်အကြောင်းအရာမျှ မပါဝင်ပါ။
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[ZH-TW]
📖 文章翻譯 —
女士A：嗨，Mark，有空嗎？我想討論一下年終派對的事。
男士B：當然，Sarah。有什麼事？
女士A：嗯，我們需要盡快寄出邀請函。客人名單確定了嗎？
男士B：差不多了。我只是在等行銷部門的回覆。但我們需要決定要邀請哪些新進員工；這就是讓事情卡住的原因。
女士A：好的，我們目標是明天弄好。另外，你收到外燴業者關於菜單選項的回覆了嗎？我們需要確認人數。
男士B：是的，他們傳過來幾份提案。我覺得他們的素食…。
📝 答案解析 —
正確答案是「他們在等候確認新進員工」。對話中，男士B表示客人名單「差不多了」，但「我們需要決定要邀請哪些新進員工；這就是讓事情卡住的原因。」這直接說明了為何名單尚未最終確定。
💡 應試技巧 —
聽到「holding things up」這樣的片語時，務必注意其後緊接著解釋原因的部分，這通常是問題的關鍵答案所在。
📊 錯誤選項分析 —
X) 行銷部門尚未回覆 — 男士B提到他「在等候行銷部門的回覆」，但這並非*唯一*或*主要*使名單未定的原因，後面接著提到了新進員工。
X) 外燴業者的提案尚未準備好 — 女士A詢問了外燴業者，男士B表示「他們傳過來幾份提案」，表示提案已準備好，只是對話在此中斷。
X) 場地尚未預訂 — 對話中完全沒有提及場地預訂的相關資訊。
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[EN]
📖 Passage Translation — Woman A approaches Mark to discuss the holiday party. A needs to send out invitations soon, so she asks if the guest list has been finalized. Mark replies that it is almost done, but he is still waiting for confirmation from the marketing department, and that deciding who to invite from the new hires is what's holding things up.
📝 Why this answer — Mark explicitly states, "we need to decide who to invite from the new hires; that’s what’s holding things up." This clearly indicates that the decision regarding which new hires to invite is the reason the guest list is not yet finalized. Therefore, option 1 is correct.
💡 Test-day tip — In Part 3, pay close attention to phrases that indicate the reason for a delay, such as "holding things up." Listen for transition words like 'because', 'since', 'as', or explicit statements like "the reason is..." or "that's what's holding things up."
📊 Wrong-option analysis — X) The marketing department has not responded. — Mark is waiting for "confirmation" from the marketing department, but this is presented as a secondary issue, not the primary reason for the delay mentioned in the question. X) The caterer's proposals are not ready. — Mark confirms they have received proposals from the caterer ("Yes, they sent over a few proposals."), so this option is incorrect. X) The venue has not been booked. — The conversation does not mention anything about booking a venue.